AI ethics and bioethics – lawandtechnology.eu

The AI ethicist becomes a profession: the EN 18274 standard and the competences required

Jul 4, 2026

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in AI ethics and bioethics, Approfondimenti, ISO/IEC and CEN/CENELEC standards, Training and teaching

For years the “AI ethicist” was a self-attributed title, without verifiable contours. Now the picture changes: within CEN-CLC/JTC 21, EN 18274 — the European standard on competence requirements for professional AI ethicists — is on the home straight, while professional associations such as the Association of AI Ethicists work towards recognition of the profession. Who…

Mapping the risks of Artificial Intelligence: NIST, MIT, CSA and ENISA compared

Jul 4, 2026

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Law & Technology

in AI ethics and bioethics, Approfondimenti, Artificial Intelligence and AI Act, Cybersecurity, Gender equality, Governance, Risk & Compliance, Training and teaching

Before managing AI risks you have to be able to name them. Four tools, all public and free, offer as many perspectives: NIST’s management framework, MIT’s taxonomic repository with over 1,700 catalogued risks, the Cloud Security Alliance’s controls matrix and ENISA’s cybersecurity framework. A reasoned map for those building AI governance. Anyone setting out to…

Facial recognition in Italian cities: the moratorium extended to 2027 and the AI Act’s limits

Jul 4, 2026

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Law & Technology

in AI ethics and bioethics, Approfondimenti, Artificial Intelligence and AI Act, Civil law, Criminal law, Data protection and GDPR, Training and teaching

After Trento, the Garante scrutinised Rome’s metro and Turin’s “intelligent” cameras. Meanwhile, the Italian moratorium on the use of facial recognition in public places has been extended to 31 December 2027, and the AI Act has set directly applicable prohibitions, from the scraping of facial images to real-time remote biometric identification. The updated map of…

Health digital twins: GDPR, the AI Act and the EHDS put to the test by the patient’s digital twin

Jul 4, 2026

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Law & Technology

in AI ethics and bioethics, Approfondimenti, Artificial Intelligence and AI Act, Civil law, Data protection and GDPR, Training and teaching

Digital twins in healthcare promise to simulate disease progression and personalise care. But a patient’s digital twin is, first of all, a large-scale processing of health data: when do synthetic data remain personal data? Who is the controller in a federated architecture? And what happens to the data of the deceased? The reflections that follow…

Digital cities and “deserving” citizens: from points-based citizenship to the AI Act’s ban on social scoring

Jul 4, 2026

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Law & Technology

in AI ethics and bioethics, Approfondimenti, Artificial Intelligence and AI Act, Data protection and GDPR, Training and teaching

In recent years several Italian municipalities trialled “points-based citizenship” schemes that closely echoed the much-criticised Chinese social-control model: virtuous-citizen wallets, digital licences, scorecards. Today that debate has a new legal frame: since 2 February 2025, social scoring is an AI practice prohibited by Article 5 of the AI Act. What remains of those projects, and…

Neurorights and neural data: the UNESCO Recommendation on the ethics of neurotechnology, the first global standard protecting the mind

Jul 4, 2026

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Law & Technology

in AI ethics and bioethics, Approfondimenti, Artificial Intelligence and AI Act, Civil law, Data protection and GDPR, Training and teaching

On 11 November 2025 the UNESCO General Conference adopted the Recommendation on the Ethics of Neurotechnology, the first global normative instrument in the field: definitions of neurotechnology and neural data, mental privacy, a ban on manipulation, and the qualification of neural data as sensitive data. A significant step. But will a soft-law instrument be enough…